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Gleadless Valley
Gleadless Valley is a housing estate of the City of Sheffield in England. It lies south-southeast of the city centre. Formerly a rural area, Gleadless Valley was developed as a large housing project with around 4000 dwellings by Sheffield City Council between 1955 and 1962.〔''"A History Of Sheffield"'', David Hey, Carnegie Publishing, ISBN 1 85936 110 2, Page 276, “Generally recognised as the most successful of the post war housing developments” and details.〕 It is an area of undulating land drained by the Meers Brook, which has its source on the high ground in the woodland at Gleadless. Adjacent are Gleadless to the east, Norton to the south-west, Heeley to the west and Arbourthorne to the north.
==History==
Prior to the middle of the 19th century Gleadless valley was an area of isolated ancient woodland with some farmland. Buck Wood to the north of the valley is a modern name but in John Harrison’s survey of the manor of Sheffield in 1637 it was known as Berrystorth which is an Old Norse name which implies a wood of great antiquity. Much of the present day woodland has a wide range of ancient woodland indicator species including Bluebell, Dog's mercury, Common wood sorrel and Yellow archangel. Herdings Wood was the main area of trees in the valley in ancient times, this was later subdivided into Leeshall Wood, The Lumb and Rollestone Wood as well as Herdings Wood itself. It was first mentioned in a document dated 1642 which stated that William Chaworth, Lord and Knight of Norton had given permission for John Cotes and John Parker to fell and turn into charcoal a certain amount of trees in Herdyng Wood. Farming took place in the valley before the 17th century and wooded areas which were suitable for agricultural land were gradually felled leaving the woodland on the steep valley sides of the Meers Brook and its tributaries.
The expansion of Sheffied in the second half of the 19th century took in the nearby areas of Heeley and Meersbrook and this had an indirect effect on the Gleadless Valley as it started to be used for walks and recreation by the residents of these areas. By the 20th century, allotments and sports grounds had been laid out in the valley and Lees Hall golf club was established in 1907. Nearby Arbourthorne housing estate was built in the 1930s but even so the valley retained its rural charm and continued to be farmed. Local historian J. Edward Vickers called the valley at this time, ''“A beautiful stretch of open countryside and woodland, extending from Heeley to Norton”.''〔''"The Ancient Suburbs Of Sheffield"'', J. Edward Vickers, No ISBN, Page 33, Gives this quote〕 The valley continued to be farmed into the 1950s exhibiting a landscape of scattered farms, woodland and hedge lined fields.〔( Buck Wood - History and Heritage. ) Gives history of woodland and valley.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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